Beatrice in Canto XXX Virgil Departs, Beatrice Arrives: Canto XXX of Purgatory, Translated by Stephen Binns The Society August 18, 2023 Beauty, Dante, Epic, Poetry, Translation 9 Comments . . Virgil Departs, Beatrice Arrives: Canto XXX of Purgatory by Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) translated by Stephen Binns . Now when the primal Heaven’s Septentrion—____seven lights of the Holy Spirit __which does not rise nor set, and whose report __goes unveiled to us but by mists of sin, which guided every soul in that high court __toward duty, as another seven do __for sailors steering safely to their port—____the Big Dipper, used by navigators came to a halt, and then those prophets true,____representing books of the Old Testament (Canto XXIX) __who stood between the gryphon and the light,____creature of a dual nature, representing Christ __turned to the chariot for rest. One who seemed courier from Paradise’s height __sang “Veni, sponsa, de Libano” thrice,____“Come, my bride, from Lebanon,” Song of Songs 4:8 __as did all of the others, just as bright. As at the Final Trump, when bodies rise, __all from their vaults and, with the slightest prod, __breathe alleluia with their new-tuned sighs, so on the sacred chariot, in laud, __a hundred, ad vocem tanti senis,____“at the voice of so great an elder” __the servants and the messengers of God. And they all cried, “Benedictus qui venis,”____“Blessed is he who comes,” Matthew 21:9 __and scattered all around a floral spray. __“Manibus date lilia plenis!”____“Full hands give lilies,” Aeneid 883 Before now I have seen at break of day __the eastern earthly sky glow red of rose __and all the rest a blue serene display, have seen the sun’s bright face wear vaporous clothes __so that this temperance of light allowed __the eyes for many minutes not to close: just so, within a flower-laden cloud, __which rose and fell by an angelic hand __to drift within the chariot as sweet shroud, and in a veil of white, with olive garland,____white, symbol of faith __there came a lady, mantled all in green,____green, symbol of hope __her dress beneath the mantle rubicund.____red, symbol of love I felt—so many years had passed between __the then and when I first met her presence____Beatrice __and quivered, overcome with what I’d seen— without more knowledge than the sight might sense, __through hidden virtue flowing from her being, __I felt the ancient love, its great puissance. The instant that my eyes received the sting, __that sweetest pain which pierced me at the first, __when my young boyhood years were still passing, I turned round to the left and then I durst, __just like a child running toward his dam __when sore afraid or in some care immersed, to say to Virgil: “There is not a dram __of blood left in me now that does not shake. __I know the tokens of the flame. I am—” But he was gone. The difference this would make! __The loss of Virgil! Virgil, father dear, __to whom I gave all for salvation’s sake. Our antique mother’s losses, all, I fear,____the paradise lost to Eve __would not assuage this dearth, or keep my eyes __though washed in dew, from shedding tear on tear. “Dante, though here is where our Virgil flies,____Beatrice speaks __you mustn’t weep, you mustn’t weep, not now. __A sword awaits; you’ll weep there where it lies.” And like an admiral at stern or prow, __who moves along the deck to check on them __on other ships, to cheer them, that is how I turned round at the sounding of my name,____ the only time his name appears __which of necessity I’ve let you know. __I saw the lady who to me first came under a blessèd angel’s welcome’s veil __direct her eyes at me across the creek, __although the veil across her visage fell, crowned by Minerva’s wreath; how long I’d seek, ____olive leaves, symbol of wisdom __it would not let me see her very well. __Her bearing regal, she began to speak as someone who, in every stern address, __keeps hottest words till end of the account. __“Regard me well, for I am Beatrice. So finally you’ve come to climb the mount! __Did you not know that here is happiness?” __I let my eyes fall to the limpid fount, but, when I saw myself, looked toward the grass. __My brow was sorely weighted and, shame-faced, __I shrank from her, as children in distress, will shrink from mother’s scolding, for the taste __of love grown angry is a bitterness. __She kept a silence. Angels in a haste: “In te speravi” by all of them was voiced.____ “In Thee I have trusted,” Psalm 31 __Then “pedos meos,” and then all was stilled. ____“my feet,” from the same psalm __Just as the snow upon a living joist____tree not yet lumber along the spine of Italy is congealed,____the Apennines __compacted, piled, then again is moist, __and then it melts and through itself is spilled if but a wind of shadowless land should sigh, ____Africa, where the noon sun casts no shade __a bit like wax below a candle’s fire: __just so, then wracked with heaves and tears, was I before I heard the singing—sweet suspire __tuned to the music of eternal sky. __And then I realized that this blessed choir had pitied me, as if there came replies: __“Why must you, lady, bring him to his knees?” __Then what had tightened round my heart like ice was breath and water, and my agonies __came through my mouth as well as through my eyes. __Still standing at the chariot’s left she sees those charitable essences whose lay __had sought to move her. Now she speaks anew: __“You keep your vigil in eternal day, ____to the angels when neither night nor sleep conceals from you __a single step the world takes on its way. __Therefore my answer must be tailored to the case of him who weeps, so that I may __give grief to him to match his guilt. It’s true __that workings of the spheres will bring each seed to its fixed end, according to the ways __of constellations, but, too, gifts decreed____the Zodiac __in largess of the overflowing grace, which rains down from so high above our need __our eyes could never reach that lofty place. __This man was so endowed when life was new, and all potential; even as a child __he should have shone as proof of his virtue. __But ground grows all the weedier and wild when seeded badly, poorly tended to, __the more the soil is rich. He was beguiled. __My countenance gave sustenance to soul. I turned my youthful eyes upon his own __to guide him toward a righteous, proper goal. __My first age then was nearly spent and done. I stood at second’s door and in death stole.____at the age of twenty-five __He turned from me and elsewhere he was won. __When I had risen from the flesh to spirit, had grown in beauty and in all virtue, __to him I was less dear and less of merit. __He passed along a way that was not true, went chasing guise of good, and those who wear it __all promise what the soul must come to rue. __Nor did it help to pray that I’d inspire, in dreams or by whatever was the cost, __his swift return: this never sparked to fire! __He fell so far, he was so tempest tossed, I had no way of saving him less dire __than showing him the people who were lost.____in Hell __And so I visited the truly dead, and brought the one who guided him to see. ____Virgil __My weeping and my prayers were thusly led. __It would be violence to the Lord’s decree if Lethe could be crossed and from that bed____river of forgetfulness of sin __the waters could be drunk without a fee __of penitence and tears so sorely shed.” . . __ __ Italian Original Quando il settentrïon del primo cielo, che né occaso mai seppe né orto né d’altra nebbia che di colpa velo, e che faceva lì ciascun accorto di suo dover, come ’l più basso face qual temon gira per venire a porto, fermo s’affisse: la gente verace, venuta prima tra ’l grifone ed esso, al carro volse sé come a sua pace; e un di loro, quasi da ciel messo, “Veni, sponsa, de Libano” cantando gridò tre volte, e tutti li altri appresso. Quali i beati al novissimo bando surgeran presti ognun di sua caverna, la revestita voce alleluiando, cotali in su la divina basterna si levar cento, ad vocem tanti senis, ministri e messaggier di vita etterna. Tutti dicean: “Benedictus qui venis,” e fior gittando e di sopra e dintorno, “Manibus, oh, date lilïa plenis!” Io vidi già nel cominciar del giorno la parte orïental tutta rosata, e l’altro ciel di bel sereno addorno; e la faccia del sol nascere ombrata, sì che per temperanza di vapori l’occhio la sostenea lunga fïata: così dentro una nuvola di fiori che da le mani angeliche saliva e ricadeva in giù dentro e di fori, sovra candido vel cinta d’uliva donna m’apparve, sotto verde manto vestita di color di fiamma viva. E lo spirito mio, che già cotanto tempo era stato ch’a la sua presenza non era di stupor, tremando, affranto, sanza de li occhi aver più conoscenza, per occulta virtù che da lei mosse, d’antico amor sentì la gran potenza. Tosto che ne la vista mi percosse l’alta virtù che già m’avea trafitto prima ch’io fuor di püerizia fosse, volsimi a la sinistra col respitto col quale il fantolin corre a la mamma quando ha paura o quando elli è afflitto, per dicere a Virgilio: “Men che dramma di sangue m’è rimaso che non tremi: conosco i segni de l’antica fiamma.” Ma Virgilio n’avea lasciati scemi di sé, Virgilio dolcissimo patre, Virgilio a cui per mia salute die’mi; né quantunque perdeo l’antica matre, valse a le guance nette di rugiada, che, lagrimando, non tornasser atre. “Dante, perché Virgilio se ne vada, non pianger anco, non piangere ancora; ché pianger ti conven per altra spada.” Quasi ammiraglio che in poppa e in prora viene a veder la gente che ministra per li altri legni, e a ben far l’incora; in su la sponda del carro sinistra, quando mi volsi al suon del nome mio, che di necessità qui si registra, vidi la donna che pria m’appario velata sotto l’angelica festa, drizzar li occhi ver’ me di qua dal rio. Tutto che ’l vel che le scendea di testa, cerchiato de le fronde di Minerva, non la lasciasse parer manifesta, regalmente ne l’atto ancor proterva continüò come colui che dice ’l più caldo parlar dietro reserva: “Guardaci ben! Ben son, ben son Beatrice. Come degnasti d’accedere al monte? non sapei tu che qui è l’uom felice?” Li occhi mi cadder giù nel chiaro fonte; ma veggendomi in esso, i trassi a l’erba, tanta vergogna mi gravò la fronte. Così la madre al figlio par superba, com’ ella parve a me; perché d’amaro sente il sapor de la pietade acerba. Ella si tacque; e li angeli cantaro di sùbito ‘In te, Domine, speravi’; ma oltre ‘pedes meos’ non passaro. Sì come neve tra le vive travi per lo dosso d’Italia si congela, soffiata e stretta da li venti schiavi, poi, liquefatta, in sé stessa trapela, pur che la terra che perde ombra spiri, sì che par foco fonder la candela; così fui sanza lagrime e sospiri anzi ’l cantar di quei che notan sempre dietro a le note de li etterni giri; ma poi che ’ntesi ne le dolci tempre lor compatire a me, par che se detto avesser: “Donna, perché sì lo stempre?” lo gel che m’era intorno al cor ristretto, spirito e acqua fessi, e con angoscia de la bocca e de li occhi uscì del petto. Ella, pur ferma in su la detta coscia del carro stando, a le sustanze pie volse le sue parole così poscia: “Voi vigilate ne l’etterno die, sì che notte né sonno a voi non fura passo che faccia il secol per sue vie; onde la mia risposta è con più cura che m’intenda colui che di là piagne, perché sia colpa e duol d’una misura. Non pur per ovra de le rote magne, che drizzan ciascun seme ad alcun fine secondo che le stelle son compagne, ma per larghezza di grazie divine, che sì alti vapori hanno a lor piova, che nostre viste là non van vicine, questi fu tal ne la sua vita nova virtüalmente, ch’ogne abito destro fatto averebbe in lui mirabil prova. Ma tanto più maligno e più silvestro si fa ’l terren col mal seme e non cólto, quant’ elli ha più di buon vigor terrestro. Alcun tempo il sostenni col mio volto: mostrando li occhi giovanetti a lui, meco il menava in dritta parte vòlto. Sì tosto come in su la soglia fui di mia seconda etade e mutai vita, questi si tolse a me, e diessi altrui. Quando di carne a spirto era salita, e bellezza e virtù cresciuta m’era, fu’ io a lui men cara e men gradita; e volse i passi suoi per via non vera, imagini di ben seguendo false, che nulla promession rendono intera. Né l’impetrare ispirazion mi valse, con le quali e in sogno e altrimenti lo rivocai: sì poco a lui ne calse! Tanto giù cadde, che tutti argomenti a la salute sua eran già corti, fuor che mostrarli le perdute genti. Per questo visitai l’uscio d’i morti, e a colui che l’ha qua sù condotto, li prieghi miei, piangendo, furon porti. Alto fato di Dio sarebbe rotto, se Letè si passasse e tal vivanda fosse gustata sanza alcuno scotto di pentimento che lagrime spanda.” . . Stephen Binns is an editor at the Smithsonian (the institution, not the magazine). His most recently published poetry appeared in the January 2023 issue of First Things. NOTE TO READERS: If you enjoyed this poem or other content, please consider making a donation to the Society of Classical Poets. The Society of Classical Poets does not endorse any views expressed in individual poems or commentary. Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)Click to print (Opens in new window)Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)Trending now: 9 Responses Roy Eugene Peterson August 18, 2023 This is such a magnificent translation with powerful words in English exhibiting a mastery of sensitivities and fabulous rhyming words. I am enamored with this translation and with your abilities. Reply Stephen Binns August 18, 2023 Thank you, Roy. That means much to me, coming from one so greatly talented. I very much enjoy your stuff. Reply Carey Jobe August 19, 2023 Excellent translation, Stephen. I enjoyed reading it very much. Reply Scott J. Bloch August 19, 2023 Stephen combines that rare characteristic of a poet and scholar to render the unmistakable music of Dante. He is able to bring out an original form of poetry while keeping true to the masterpiece itself. I am most taken with how natural the terza rima comes out in this and other translated passages I’ve read of his. It is for me the version that best captures The Divine Comedy’s essence. I have read several other translations, some by other poets, like John Ciardi, who rhymed his. I have to say, I have found some of those translation in terza rima more wooden, at times awkward, and mostly bereft of the life and passion that I find in Stephen’s translations. Reply Monika Cooper August 19, 2023 Ah, poor Dante. Thank you for these beautiful verses. The snow simile is magical and a beautiful bit of lyric relief at a very stressful moment. Reply Cynthia Erlandson August 20, 2023 This is truly captivating. Some of my favorite lines: “Have seen the sun’s bright face wear vaporous clothes”; “I let my eyes fall to the limpid fount / But when I saw myself, looked toward the grass.”; “my agonies / Came through my mouth as well as through my eyes” (and, in the following two lines, pairing “chariot’s” and “charitable” was a delightful bit of verbal musicality.) Reply Nathan McKee August 22, 2023 Stephen, I wish I knew Italian so I could properly judge the translation, however, the English rendering into an alternating rhyme pattern was a pleasure to read – bene scripsisti interpretastique, O Stephano. This is such a vivid scene in this epic, what a delight to revisit it here under your rendering. Thank you. Reply Stephen Binns August 24, 2023 For your kind words, thanks so much, Roy, Scott, Monika, Cynthia, and Carey. Et gratias tibi ago, Nathan. Reply Carmen de Perignat September 5, 2023 Stephen, thank you for directing me to this beautiful translation and the rendering in English of the terza rima. The words flow beautifully and it is a joy to read. Reply Leave a Reply Cancel ReplyYour email address will not be published.CommentName* Email* Website Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. Δ This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.
Roy Eugene Peterson August 18, 2023 This is such a magnificent translation with powerful words in English exhibiting a mastery of sensitivities and fabulous rhyming words. I am enamored with this translation and with your abilities. Reply
Stephen Binns August 18, 2023 Thank you, Roy. That means much to me, coming from one so greatly talented. I very much enjoy your stuff. Reply
Scott J. Bloch August 19, 2023 Stephen combines that rare characteristic of a poet and scholar to render the unmistakable music of Dante. He is able to bring out an original form of poetry while keeping true to the masterpiece itself. I am most taken with how natural the terza rima comes out in this and other translated passages I’ve read of his. It is for me the version that best captures The Divine Comedy’s essence. I have read several other translations, some by other poets, like John Ciardi, who rhymed his. I have to say, I have found some of those translation in terza rima more wooden, at times awkward, and mostly bereft of the life and passion that I find in Stephen’s translations. Reply
Monika Cooper August 19, 2023 Ah, poor Dante. Thank you for these beautiful verses. The snow simile is magical and a beautiful bit of lyric relief at a very stressful moment. Reply
Cynthia Erlandson August 20, 2023 This is truly captivating. Some of my favorite lines: “Have seen the sun’s bright face wear vaporous clothes”; “I let my eyes fall to the limpid fount / But when I saw myself, looked toward the grass.”; “my agonies / Came through my mouth as well as through my eyes” (and, in the following two lines, pairing “chariot’s” and “charitable” was a delightful bit of verbal musicality.) Reply
Nathan McKee August 22, 2023 Stephen, I wish I knew Italian so I could properly judge the translation, however, the English rendering into an alternating rhyme pattern was a pleasure to read – bene scripsisti interpretastique, O Stephano. This is such a vivid scene in this epic, what a delight to revisit it here under your rendering. Thank you. Reply
Stephen Binns August 24, 2023 For your kind words, thanks so much, Roy, Scott, Monika, Cynthia, and Carey. Et gratias tibi ago, Nathan. Reply
Carmen de Perignat September 5, 2023 Stephen, thank you for directing me to this beautiful translation and the rendering in English of the terza rima. The words flow beautifully and it is a joy to read. Reply